APPLY FOR AND OBTAIN A PESEL IDENTIFICATION NUMBER ONLINE
The importance of PESEL number in the daily life of foreigners in Poland is becoming more and more every year.
Previously, many people did not understand why this number was needed, because they almost never had to provide it anywhere. But now, wherever you go, you will be asked for your PESEL number. Even when shopping on the Internet, not to mention more global issues.
WHY AND WHO NEEDS A PESEL IDENTIFICATION NUMBER
The PESEL number is assigned to every Polish citizen from birth and can also be assigned to foreigners who officially reside in Poland for more than 30 days and have a propiska (meldunek).
This number consists of 11 digits and performs the function of identification of natural persons and at the same time is a social security number.
It consists of the digits of the date of birth and a code denoting the gender of the individual. The rest of the digits are necessary for recording within the electronic register, which contains the PESEL numbers of the entire Polish population.
If some interested person who has access to the electronic population registry (e.g. an employee of a government agency) looks at all the records under your PESEL number, he or she will be able to find out a lot of information about you. For example, where you are registered, who you work for, your civil status (married or not), whether you have unpaid fines, and if so, for what offenses they were issued, and so on.
At the moment, the PESEL number will be required from you for many everyday services, such as opening bank accounts, applying for loans, employment, registering relationships in Poland, opening sick leave, applying for insurance contracts, applying for a residence card, submitting tax returns, opening a company, buying and selling movable and immovable property and so on. Therefore, the necessity of registration of this number for foreigners does not cause any doubt. Having a PESEL unequivocally facilitates the life and everyday life of a foreigner in Poland.
Obtaining a PESEL is a kind of mutually beneficial transaction between you and the Polish state: You provide the state authorities with transparent information about yourself and your activities, and the internal system of the country in return gives you easier conditions for the use of state benefits that every foreigner may need at any time.
A foreigner in Poland can also be assigned a NIP number.
To understand the difference between NIP and PESEL, it is enough to decipher their names, which reveal their essence and functions. NIP - Numer Identyfikacji Podatkowej, PESEL - Powszechnym Elektronicznym Systemie Ewidencji Ludności. That is, NIP - tax identification number and PESEL - personal identification number.
If you have a PESEL number, you will need an additional NIP if you run a business or pay VAT (VAT) or social contributions for your employees to ZUS.
The NIP number rather applies to legal entities and entrepreneurs. But sometimes, if a foreigner does not have a propiska but is legally employed, he/she will need a tax identification number, which will be used to pay tax to the Polish budget from his/her salary. In such a case (if it is not possible to obtain a PESEL) the foreigner must obtain a NIP.
By the way, when employed in Poland, knowing the employer's NIP number, you can check it on the databases of legal entities (for example, on the website krs-online.com.pl) and see whether such an employer really exists and whether this company is currently operating.